See also questions close to this topic

• action doesn't execute in form submission across to use SSH frame

  problem

  my code: login.jsp

  Action class

  applicationContext

  struts2.xml

  Who can help me look at this problem? please，please，please
• cannot access ssh on raspbian from different network

  I am succesfully able to connect to my raspberry running raspbian stretch lite via ssh on my home network.

  When i move my raspberry to another home network i keep receiving "connection refused".

  Ports on the router are forwarded,ssh service is running, everything is working as expected.

  The only thing i cannot understand is why i can connect from my home lan and not from my parents home lan. And there is nothing on the internet (alias google) about something related. Any suggestion?

  p.s. i think that this may be related to authentication keys (something i don't understand very well)
• Error downloading modules: Error loading modules: error downloading in .sh file

  I am making a jenkins pipeline job, which call jenkins file , inside that i m calling terraform.sh file with CredentialsBinding . when i m running the i m getting below error in terraform init.

   Getting source "git::ssh://git@gitlab.com/****/terraform-modules.git//pre-production?ref=0.0.1"
  Error downloading modules: Error loading modules: error downloading 'ssh://git@gitlab.com/****/terraform-modules.git?ref=0.0.1': /usr/bin/git exited with 128: Cloning into '.terraform/modules/515fc2bd0e7790ab33b22f826cd0173b'...
  Permission denied (publickey).
  fatal: Could not read from remote repository.
  
• Symfony 4 .env variables in controller

  In Symfony 4, i try to pass parameter from my .env to a controller:

  • in .env:

  ###> First user creation variables ###
  FIRST_USER_LOGIN=admintest
  FIRST_USER_PASSWORD=azertyui
  ###< First user creation variables ###
  

  • in services.yaml:

  parameters:
      locale: 'en'
      first.user:
          login: '%env(FIRST_USER_LOGIN)%'
          password: '%env(FIRST_USER_PASSWORD)%'
  

  • in my controller:

  $utilisateur->setUsername($this->getParameter('first.user.login'))
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          $encoder->encodePassword(
              $utilisateur,
              $this->getParameter('first.user.password')
          )
      )
      ->setRoles(['ROLE_ADMIN']);
  

  • I don't know what I'm doing wrong but I've got this error message:
    The parameter "first.user.login" must be defined.
• How to make a command that runs python a script in Windows command line?

  BackGround:

  I'm using Windows. I know some of progamming with python. I don't know much about batch, wich I think I might need to do what I want.

  I will show a example so it becomes more clear what I'm trying to do.

  Example:

  When using git, after you install it, you can call the git command from anywhere of your computer, you can execute git commands, like git init and this will create a git file in your current folder.

  I don't know exactly how git works or what language they use but I want to do the same thing, create my own command that I can execute from anywhere in my computer after I "install" my program.

  What I'm trying to do:

  I want to make my own command and when I call it, it executes a python script.
  e.g.
  I install my program and it creates a command called myprogram and when I type myprogram in the command line, it's like if I typed python myprogram.py. And myprogram -someargument would be the same as python myprogram.py -someargument.

  What I tried until now:

  I'm searched for How to make a environment variable that runs python script? but I never get exactly what I want, is always something like How do i set environment variable using python script?.

  Maybe I'm making the wrong question and the result I want are not showing?

  I'm looking for a explanating on how to do this or at least a tutorial/guide.

  Edit 1:

  As UnholySheep said in the comments, it's not environment variable, its commands, so I changed the question even doe what I want to know is the same thing.
• IfDefine causes warning Config variable ${var} is not defined on every request

  I use IfDefine so I won't get any problem if I forgot to set a variable in httpd.conf. My .htaccess works well, but I keep getting a warning. I feel like IfDefine doesn't fully do its work.

  [Mon Dec 10 14:44:20.608039 2018] [core:warn] [pid 3318] AH00111: Config variable ${ServerBase} is not defined
  

  How can I use IfDefine and don't get unnecessary warning when the variable is not defined?
• Paramiko-expect , timing out

  I am trying to perform an automated backup procedure and everything is working fine until I try to use expect on this line interact.expect("Enter choice (1-10) or q to quit: ").
  The error I am getting is raise socket.timeout() and is caused I think by that string in expect not being correct although if I log in manually and enter I copy the exact from the shell?

  How can I solve it?

  import paramiko
  from paramiko_expect import SSHClientInteraction
  
  def backup():
  
      # will match root user prompt
      root_prompt = '.*# '
  
      # will match Password: or password:
      pass_prompt = '.*assword: '
  
      try:
          client = paramiko.SSHClient()
          client.load_system_host_keys() 
          client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) 
  
          client.connect(hostname=server, username=user, password=pass)    
      except paramiko.AuthenticationException:
          print("Authentication failed, please verify your credentials: %s")
      except paramiko.SSHException as sshException:
          print("Unable to establish SSH connection: %s" % sshException)
      except paramiko.BadHostKeyException as badHostKeyException:
          print("Unable to verify server's host key: %s" % badHostKeyException)
      except Exception as e:
          print(e.args)
  
      with SSHClientInteraction(client,timeout=10,display=True) as interact: 
  
          interact.send('su')
          interact.expect(pass_prompt)
  
          interact.send("pass")
          interact.expect(root_prompt)
  
          interact.send("BackupMenu")#displays specific menu for backup but menu is not using shell specific commands
          interact.expect('.*: ')
  
          cmd_output_ls = interact.current_output_clean
  
          print cmd_output_ls
  
      client.close()
  
• Paramiko execute command on psql

  Using Paramiko I'm creating an ssh to that connects to my remote machine, then I call exec_command to run the following:

  psql usera

  normally exec_command return a tuple of stdin, stdout, and stderr. Therefore, I use the stdin to write CREATE DATABASE X with '\n' at the end to simulate the enter button. The command takes a lot of time to the extent that it looks like its stack.

  here is my code:

      stdin, stdout, stderr = self.ssh.exec_command('psql usera')
      for err in stderr:
          self.logger.error(err)
      for std in stdout:
          print(std)
      stdin.write('CREATE DATABASE ' + db_name + ';\n')
  

  is this the proper way to launch commands, and launch commands on a prompt?
• Use environment variable in SFTP path in Paramiko

  I'm running a script on my server and trying to get some files from my Firewall. I get a "file not found" error when referring to the file using an environment variable ($ sign). B, but I can get my file when I enter a normal path. I'm aware that the code doesn't look good, this is just an quick example. Here is my working code:

  _savedLocation = "/home/kartal/Desktop/aaa.tgz"
  folder, savedLocation = os.path.split(_savedLocation)
  remotepath = "$FWDIR/bin/upgrade_tools/"
  remotefile = remotepath + savedLocation
  stdin, stdout, stderr =
    ssh.exec_command("cd {} && yes | ./migrate export {} ".format(remotepath, savedLocation))
  time.sleep(120)
  command = "cd {} && chmod 777 {}".format(remotepath, savedLocation)
  stdin, stdout, stderr = ssh.exec_command(command)
  sftp = ssh.open_sftp()
  sftp.get(remotefile, _savedLocation)
  sftp.close()
  ssh.close()
  

  If I use real path as remotepath = "/opt/r80/fw1/bin/upgrade_tools/", the code works.

  Btw, I'm running the "migrate" script in the first step with $FWDIR. So $FWDIR works with exec_command, but not in SFTP get.

  Where am I doing wrong and what should I do?
• Mobaxterm logs lines are not coming in complete screen

  

  The highlighted part is empty, how can I view the logs in complete screen? I am not able to find any settings to change it.
• OpenSSH-Win64 ChrootDirectory configuration

  I am trying to get ChrootDirectory to work (with OpenSSH-Win64 v7.7.0.2p1-Beta). I can login, but 'pwd' is '/C:/Users/fred'.

  LogLevel        DEBUG
  Protocol        2
  AuthorizedKeysFile  .ssh/authorized_keys
  PidFile         "C:\Program Files\OpenSSH-Win64\logs\sshd.pid"
  Subsystem       sftp internal-sftp
  hostkeyagent    \\.\pipe\openssh-ssh-agent
  
  Match User fred
  ForceCommand    internal-sftp
  ChrootDirectory C:\Temp
  

  I'm also confused by sshd.log mentioning it is executing sftp-server.exe despite 'ForceCommand internal-sftp'.

  5020 11:34:15:398 debug1: subsystem: internal-sftp
  5020 11:34:15:398 Starting session: forced-command (config) 'internal-sftp' for fred from ::1 port 54492 id 0
  5020 11:34:15:711 debug1: Executing command: C:\\Program Files\\OpenSSH-Win64\\sftp-server.exe
  

  Any assistance would be appreciated.
• Require a yubikey AND (publickey OR password) in SSHD

  I'm trying to configure OpenSSH on a Debian based system to always require a yubikey TOTP + either an SSH publickey or password. In other words - in sshd_config speak:

  UsePAM yes
  ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes
  AuthenticationMethods publickey,keyboard-interactive password,keyboard-interactive
  

  The yubico TOTP requirement is done through PAM and added at the top of /etc/pam.d/sshd (before @include common-auth) like so:

  auth required pam_yubico.so id=foo key=bar
  

  This doesn't work because SSH password authentication is performed through the same mechanism (PAM) in the same file (pam.d/sshd) with common-auth. password and keyboard-interactive are the same interface to PAM, with the only difference being the later's capability to handle multiple user inputs separately with challenge-response... So publickey,keyboard-interactive becomes "publickey (OpenSSH) + TOTP (PAM) + password (PAM)".

  The crux of this problem seems to be the inability of AuthenticationMethods to separate the yubikey TOPT requirement from the account password requirement, because both are handled through the same interface to PAM. Is there another way to achieve this with OpenSSH and pam_yubico.so?