Add custom packages to dist created with pyinstaller

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• Sparse Matrix Creation : KeyError: 579 for text datasets

  I am trying to use the make_sparse_matrix function to create a sparse matrix for my text dataset, and I face KeyError: 579. Does anyone has any leads on the root of the error.

  def make_sparse_matrix(df, indexed_words, labels):
  """
  Returns sparse matrix as dataframe.
  
  df: A dataframe with words in the columns with a document id as an index (X_train or X_test)
  indexed_words: index of words ordered by word id
  labels: category as a series (y_train or y_test)
  """
  
  nr_rows = df.shape[0]
  nr_cols = df.shape[1]
  word_set = set(indexed_words)
  dict_list = []
  
  for i in range(nr_rows):
      for j in range(nr_cols):
          
          word = df.iat[i, j]
          if word in word_set:
              doc_id = df.index[i]
              word_id = indexed_words.get_loc(word)
              category = labels.at[doc_id]
              
              item = {'LABEL': category, 'DOC_ID': doc_id,
                     'OCCURENCE': 1, 'WORD_ID': word_id}
              
              dict_list.append(item)
  
  return pd.DataFrame(dict_list)
  
  
  
  make_sparse_matrix( X_train, word_index,  y_test ) 
  

  X_train is a DF that contains one single word in each cell, word_index contains all the index of words and y_test stores all labels.

  The Key Error I am facing is:

  --------------------------------------------------------------------------- KeyError Traceback (most recent call last) ~\New folder\envs\geo_env\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\base.py in get_loc(self, key, method, tolerance) 3079 try: -> 3080 return self._engine.get_loc(casted_key) 3081 except KeyError as err:

  pandas_libs\index.pyx in pandas._libs.index.IndexEngine.get_loc()

  pandas_libs\index.pyx in pandas._libs.index.IndexEngine.get_loc()

  pandas_libs\hashtable_class_helper.pxi in pandas._libs.hashtable.Int64HashTable.get_item()

  pandas_libs\hashtable_class_helper.pxi in pandas._libs.hashtable.Int64HashTable.get_item()

  KeyError: 579

  The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:

  KeyError Traceback (most recent call last) in

  in make_sparse_matrix(df, indexed_words, labels) 20 doc_id = df.index[i] 21 word_id = indexed_words.get_loc(word) ---> 22 category = labels.at[doc_id] 23 24 item = {'LABEL': category, 'DOC_ID': doc_id,

  ~\New folder\envs\geo_env\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexing.py in getitem(self, key) 2154 return self.obj.loc[key] 2155 -> 2156 return super().getitem(key) 2157 2158 def setitem(self, key, value):

  ~\New folder\envs\geo_env\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexing.py in getitem(self, key) 2101 2102 key = self._convert_key(key) -> 2103 return self.obj._get_value(*key, takeable=self._takeable) 2104 2105 def setitem(self, key, value):

  ~\New folder\envs\geo_env\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\series.py in _get_value(self, label, takeable) 959 960 # Similar to Index.get_value, but we do not fall back to positional --> 961 loc = self.index.get_loc(label) 962 return self.index._get_values_for_loc(self, loc, label) 963

  ~\New folder\envs\geo_env\lib\site-packages\pandas\core\indexes\base.py in get_loc(self, key, method, tolerance) 3080 return self._engine.get_loc(casted_key) 3081 except KeyError as err: -> 3082 raise KeyError(key) from err 3083 3084 if tolerance is not None:

  KeyError: 579
• Finding part of string in list of strings

  GCM = ([519,520,521,522,533],[534,525],[526,527,530,531], [4404])
  
  slice = int(str(df["CGM"][row_count])[:3])
  

  I am looking through a row in a csv file and taking out the number I want. i want the number that starts with the number I have in GCM. since they represent info I want in other columns. this has working fine with the slice function because all the number i wanted started with 3 digits. now that i need to look for any number that starts with 4404 and later on going to probably need to look for 57052 the slice function no longer work.

  is there a way I can, instead of slicing and comparing to list, can take 5 digit number and see if part of it is in list. preferably look for it starting 3 or more same digits. the real point of that part of code is finding out which list in GCM list the number is. it need to be able to have the number 44042 and know that the part of it a care about is in GCM[3], but on the other side do not want it to say that 32519 is in DCM[0] since I only care about number that start with 519 not ends with it.

  

  ps. I am norwegian and have been learning programming by myself. been some long nights. so something here can be lost in translation.
• How to forecast a time series out-of-sample using an ARIMA model in Python?

  I have seen similar questions at Stackoverflow. But, either the questions were different enough or if similar, they actually have not been answered. I gather it is something that modelers run into often, and have a challenge solving.

  In my case I am using two variables, one Y and one X with 50 time series sequential observations. They are both random numbers representing % changes (they could be anything you want, their true value does not matter. This is just to set up an example of my coding problem). Here are my basic codes to build this ARIMAX(1,0,0) model.

  import pandas as pd
  import statsmodels.api as sm
  import statsmodels.formula.api as smf
  
  df = pd.read_excel('/Users/gaetanlion/Google Drive/Python/Arima/df.xlsx', sheet_name = 'final')
  
  from statsmodels.tsa.arima_model import ARIMA
  endo = df['y']
  exo = df['x']
  

  Next, I build the ARIMA model, using the first 41 observations

  modelho = sm.tsa.arima.ARIMA(endo.loc[0:40], exo.loc[0:40], order =(1,0,0)).fit()
  print(modelho.summary())
  

  So far everything works just fine.

  Next, I attempt to forecast or predict the next 9 observations out-of-sample. Here I want to use the X values over these 9 observations to predict Y. And, I just can't do it. I am showing below just the one code, that I think gets me the closest to where I need to go.

  modelho.predict(exo.loc[41:49], start = 41, end = 49, dynamic = False)
  TypeError: predict() got multiple values for argument 'start'
  
• How to download and silent install .exe file with given URL using Python 3

  I have a URL which is a download link to a software .exe file (Dynamic but the url function fetches it correctly each time). The intended operation is to use Python 3 to download the said file and then do a silent installation.

  url = get_internal_link(check_if_inserted)
  url = str(url)
  httpurl = re.sub("ftp://","https://",url)
  downloadurl = httpurl.replace("'","").replace(',','').replace(":2100/FTP Folders/Software","")
  downloadurl = downloadurl.strip("(").strip(")")
  
• The pandas value error still shows, but the code is totally correct and it loads normally the visualization

  I really wanted to use pd.options.mode.chained_assignment = None, but I wanted a code clean of error.

  My start code:

  import datetime
  import altair as alt
  import operator
  import pandas as pd
  s = pd.read_csv('../../data/aparecida-small-sample.csv', parse_dates=['date'])
  
  city = s[s['city'] == 'Aparecida']
  

  Based on @dpkandy's code:

  city['total_cases'] = city['totalCases']
  city['total_deaths'] = city['totalDeaths']
  city['total_recovered'] = city['totalRecovered']
  
  tempTotalCases = city[['date','total_cases']]
  tempTotalCases["title"] = "Confirmed"
  
  tempTotalDeaths = city[['date','total_deaths']]
  tempTotalDeaths["title"] = "Deaths"
  
  tempTotalRecovered = city[['date','total_recovered']]
  tempTotalRecovered["title"] = "Recovered"
  
  temp = tempTotalCases.append(tempTotalDeaths)
  temp = temp.append(tempTotalRecovered)
  
  totalCases = alt.Chart(temp).mark_bar().encode(alt.X('date:T', title = None), alt.Y('total_cases:Q', title = None))
  totalDeaths = alt.Chart(temp).mark_bar().encode(alt.X('date:T', title = None), alt.Y('total_deaths:Q', title = None))
  totalRecovered = alt.Chart(temp).mark_bar().encode(alt.X('date:T', title = None), alt.Y('total_recovered:Q', title = None))
  
  (totalCases + totalRecovered + totalDeaths).encode(color=alt.Color('title', scale = alt.Scale(range = ['#106466','#DC143C','#87C232']), legend = alt.Legend(title="Legend colour"))).properties(title = "Cumulative number of confirmed cases, deaths and recovered", width = 800)
  

  This code works perfectly and loaded normally the visualization image, but it still shows the pandas error, asking to try to set .loc[row_indexer,col_indexer] = value instead, then I was reading the documentation "Returning a view versus a copy" whose linked cited and also tried this code, but it still shows the same error. Here is the code with loc:

  # 1st attempt
  tempTotalCases.loc["title"] = "Confirmed"
  tempTotalDeaths.loc["title"] = "Deaths"
  tempTotalRecovered.loc["title"] = "Recovered"
  
  # 2nd attempt
  tempTotalCases["title"].loc = "Confirmed"
  tempTotalDeaths["title"].loc = "Deaths"
  tempTotalRecovered["title"].loc = "Recovered"
  

  Here is the error message:

  <ipython-input-6-f16b79f95b84>:6: SettingWithCopyWarning: 
  A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame.
  Try using .loc[row_indexer,col_indexer] = value instead
  
  See the caveats in the documentation: https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/user_guide/indexing.html#returning-a-view-versus-a-copy
    tempTotalCases["title"] = "Confirmed"
  <ipython-input-6-f16b79f95b84>:9: SettingWithCopyWarning: 
  A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame.
  Try using .loc[row_indexer,col_indexer] = value instead
  
  See the caveats in the documentation: https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/user_guide/indexing.html#returning-a-view-versus-a-copy
    tempTotalDeaths["title"] = "Deaths"
  <ipython-input-6-f16b79f95b84>:12: SettingWithCopyWarning: 
  A value is trying to be set on a copy of a slice from a DataFrame.
  Try using .loc[row_indexer,col_indexer] = value instead
  
  See the caveats in the documentation: https://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/user_guide/indexing.html#returning-a-view-versus-a-copy
    tempTotalRecovered["title"] = "Recovered"
  

  Jupyter and Pandas version:

  $ jupyter --version
  jupyter core     : 4.7.1
  jupyter-notebook : 6.3.0
  qtconsole        : 5.0.3
  ipython          : 7.22.0
  ipykernel        : 5.5.3
  jupyter client   : 6.1.12
  jupyter lab      : 3.1.0a3
  nbconvert        : 6.0.7
  ipywidgets       : 7.6.3
  nbformat         : 5.1.3
  traitlets        : 5.0.5
  
  $ pip show pandas
  Name: pandas
  Version: 1.2.4
  Summary: Powerful data structures for data analysis, time series, and statistics
  Home-page: https://pandas.pydata.org
  Author: None
  Author-email: None
  License: BSD
  Location: /home/gus/PUC/.env/lib/python3.9/site-packages
  Requires: pytz, python-dateutil, numpy
  Required-by: ipychart, altair
  
• SQLAlchemy Core GROUP BY calculated field

  I literally can't find this in the documentation anywhere nor can I find a related question (my guess is because I don't know how to ask it) so I'm really hoping this is low hanging fruit.

  I'm trying to rewrite this in SQLAlchemy Core:

  SELECT 
  A.COLUMN1,
  CASE 
  WHEN A.COLUMN2 = "IN" THEN "HELLO",
  WHEN A.COLUMN2 = "OUT" THEN "WORLD" 
  ELSE "!" 
  END AS MYCASE,
  sum(A.COLUMN3) FROM MY_FUN_TABLE A
  GROUP BY A.COLUMN1, MYCASE;
  

  This is all super simple except for the MYCASE part. How do I put the calculated field MYCASE into the groupby statement?

  sql = select(a.c.COLUMN1,
               case([(a.c.COLUMN2 == "IN", "HELLO"),
                     (a.c.COLUMN2 == "OUT", "WORLD")],
                     else_="!").label("MYCASE"),
               func.sum(a.c.COLUMN3)
              )
  sql = sql.groupby(a.c.COLUMN1, **?????**)
  

  Thank you all in advance for your thoughts.

  For reference:

  python.__version__ == 3.9.4, sqlalchemy.__version__ == 1.4.7
• why am I getting "setState is not a function"?

  There is a hook in my parent component called state, and when the user has submitted his username then it will fetch data and set the state of the Parent component to the fetched object. But javascript sees the setState prop as a function I guess, and that's the problem in the Child component.

  export const Parent = () => {
  
    const [state, setState] = useState("")
  
    return (
      <div>
        <Child setState={setState}/>
      </div>
    )
  }
  

  //

  export const Child = ({ setState }) => {
  
    const [input, setInput] = useState("")
    const [username, setUsername] = useState("")
  
    useEffect(() => {
  
      axios.get("foo.com/" + username)
      .then(data => setState(data))
      .catch(e => console.log(e))
  
    }, [username])
  
  
    return (
      <div>
        <input type="text" onChange={(e) => setInput(e.target.value)}/>
        <input type="button" value="" onClick={() => setUsername(input)}/>
      </div>
    )
  }
  
• Vue.js, composition API, "Mixins" and life-cycle hooks

  I've been looking all around (and I couldn't find) an answer for the following.

  In Vue 2.x, you could use mixins for life-cycle hooks, i.e., for instance: I could create a Mixins.js with

  export default {
    created() {
      console.log('test');
    }
  }
  

  and then, in a component, do the following:

  import mixins from "../misc/mixins";
  
  export default {
    name: "My component",
    mixins: [mixins],
    created() {
      console.log('Another test');
    }
  }
  

  And if I ran "My component", I would get in the console both "Another test" and "test". I cannot find the way of doing something similar with the Composition API (of course, I can execute inside "onMounted" a functions that I imported from another file, but that's not that elegant).

  Is there a way?

  Thanks!
• How to hook a self-defined function in C?

  I am studying how to hook a self-defined function through dynamical linking using LD_PRELOAD.

  However, most of the tutorials try to hook a libc function, e.g. puts(). Is it possible to hook a self-defined function, too?

  I am trying the following code

  //test.c
  
  #include <stdio.h>      
  
  int ptest(){ 
      printf("test!\n"); 
  
      return 0;
  }  
  
  int main(void){ 
      printf("%d\n", ptest()); 
  
      return 0;
  }   
  

  //hook.c
  //compile: "gcc hook.c -shared -fPIC -Wall -o hook.so"
  
  #include <stdio.h>      
  
  int ptest(){
      printf("fake!\n");
  
      return 1; 
  }
  

  run

  LD_PRELOAD=./hook.so ./test

  Result (It means nothing changed by hook.so)

  test!
  0
  

  What I expect

  fake!
  1
  
• FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '.../thinc/backends/_custom_kernels.cu'

  I'm doing a executable with Pyinstaller, based in an app of tkinter. I compile the executable using pyinstaller simple.py --additional-hooks-dir=. .My app need a lot of packages to do the functions. For this reason I build a script (hook-space.py) to collect all necessary packages, or I suppose this do it. This file has the follow code:

  from PyInstaller.utils.hooks import collect_all
  
  # ----------------------------- SPACY -----------------------------
  data = collect_all("spacy")
  
  datas = data[0]
  binaries = data[1]
  hiddenimports = data[2]
  
  # ----------------------------- THINC -----------------------------
  data = collect_all("thinc")
  
  datas += data[0]
  binaries += data[1]
  hiddenimports += data[2]
  
  # ----------------------------- CYMEM -----------------------------
  data = collect_all("cymem")
  
  datas += data[0]
  binaries += data[1]
  hiddenimports += data[2]
  
  # ----------------------------- PRESHED -----------------------------
  data = collect_all("preshed")
  
  datas += data[0]
  binaries += data[1]
  hiddenimports += data[2]
  
  # ----------------------------- BLIS -----------------------------
  
  data = collect_all("blis")
  
  datas += data[0]
  binaries += data[1]
  hiddenimports += data[2]
  
  from PyInstaller.utils.hooks import collect_data_files
  
  datas = collect_data_files("es_core_news_sm")
  

  When I compiled the file .spec, the exe file was build correctly but when I use a function in the executable, I obtain the follow error:

  ImportError: attempted relative import with no known parent package
  
  During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
  
  Traceback (most recent call last):
    File "tkinter/__init__.py", line 1705, in __call__
    File "simple.py", line 133, in calcular
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
    File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 531, in exec_module
    File "predictors.py", line 5, in <module>
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
    File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 531, in exec_module
    File "textclassification.py", line 9, in <module>
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
    File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 531, in exec_module
    File "utils.py", line 1, in <module>
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
    File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 531, in exec_module
    File "spacy/__init__.py", line 10, in <module>
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
    File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 531, in exec_module
    File "thinc/api.py", line 2, in <module>
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
    File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 531, in exec_module
    File "thinc/initializers.py", line 4, in <module>
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
    File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 531, in exec_module
    File "thinc/backends/__init__.py", line 7, in <module>
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
    File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 531, in exec_module
    File "thinc/backends/cupy_ops.py", line 19, in <module>
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 983, in _find_and_load
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 967, in _find_and_load_unlocked
    File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 677, in _load_unlocked
    File "PyInstaller/loader/pyimod03_importers.py", line 531, in exec_module
    File "thinc/backends/_custom_kernels.py", line 37, in <module>
    File "pathlib.py", line 1221, in read_text
    File "pathlib.py", line 1208, in open
    File "pathlib.py", line 1063, in _opener
  FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '../ejecutable/dist/simple/thinc/backends/_custom_kernels.cu'
  
• Pyinstaller imported code cannot load images

  I have a game set up in several files like so: menu.py main.py

  I use Tkinter module. All needed files are bundled with the .EXE correctly, and are always called with resource_path('folder/myImage.png')

  menu.py has no problem, but when main.py is executed, files are not loaded correctly(error: no such file or directory)

  menu.py runs main.py by importing it(issue here?)

  Other than that, I am clueless regarding the issue..

  Thanks in advance
• Problems with pyinstaller: pyiboot01_bootstrap

  I'm using Python 3.9.4 and PySide2.

  When I run my app using the .py file there are no errors, it runs perfectly fine. When I try to run the .exe I created off.

  pyinstaller appname.py -w --onefile --debug all

  I get these error messages. I have looked at other SO posts and have seemingly tried everything, updated setuptools, I am not using exit() I'm using sys.exit() to no avail.

  First

  Second

  Third

  Here is what the command prompt shows when it builds the file. https://pastebin.com/LDUfsJ4e
• How to return custom result object with JPA specification dynamic query?

  I want to return CustomResultObject which is not ENTITY but a statistics pojo, how to use it with JPA specification dynamic query? The sample code looks like:

  Specification<CustomResultObject> spec = new Specification<CustomResultObject>() {  
      public Predicate toPredicate(Root<UserModel> root,  
              CriteriaQuery<?> query, CriteriaBuilder cb) {  
          Predicate p1 = cb.like(root.get("name").as(String.class), "%"+um.getName()+"%");  
          Predicate p2 = cb.equal(root.get("uuid").as(Integer.class), um.getUuid());  
          Predicate p3 = cb.gt(root.get("age").as(Integer.class), um.getAge());  
          query.where(cb.and(p3,cb.or(p1,p2)));  
          query.orderBy(cb.desc(root.get("uuid").as(Integer.class)));  
            
          return query.getRestriction();  
      }  
  };
  
• How to use specification in JPA to do left join, group by, having count and IN clause?

  @Query(value = "select * from SalesLeadsSearch s " +
          "left join SalesLeadsCustomerOpportunities so on s.id = so.userId and (so.opportunityId in:opportunities) " +
          "left join SalesLeadsPurchasedCourse sp on s.id = sp.userId and (sp.courseId in:purchasedCourses)" +
          "left join SalesLeadsCustomerLostReason sl on s.id = sl.userId and (sl.lostReasonId in:lostReasons)" +
          "where s.id in:ids group by s.id having count(so.id) >=:len1 and count(sp.id) >=:len2 and count (sl.id) >=:len3")
      List<SalesLeadsVM> findSalesLeadsByOpportunitiesAndPurchasedCoursesAndLostReasons(List<Long> ids, List<Long> opportunities, Long len1, List<Long> purchasedCourses, Long len2, List<Long> lostReasons, Long len3);
  

  Here is my query clause, and now i hope it can be combined with the dynamic query.

  
   private Specification<SalesLeadsSearch> getSalesLeads(SalesLeadsSearchVM salesLeadsSearchVM) {
          Specification<SalesLeadsSearch> specification = new Specification<SalesLeadsSearch>() {
              @Override
              public Predicate toPredicate(Root<SalesLeadsSearch> root, CriteriaQuery<?> criteriaQuery, CriteriaBuilder criteriaBuilder) {
                  Predicate predicate = criteriaBuilder.conjunction();
                  if(!StringUtils.isBlank(salesLeadsSearchVM.getLastName())) {
                      predicate.getExpressions().add(criteriaBuilder.like(root.get("lastName"), '%'+salesLeadsSearchVM.getLastName()+'%'));
                  }
                  if(!StringUtils.isBlank(salesLeadsSearchVM.getFirstName())) {
                      predicate.getExpressions().add(criteriaBuilder.like(root.get("firstName"),'%'+salesLeadsSearchVM.getFirstName()+'%'));
                  }
                  if(!StringUtils.isBlank(salesLeadsSearchVM.getWechatName())) {
                      predicate.getExpressions().add(criteriaBuilder.like(root.get("wechatName"),'%'+salesLeadsSearchVM.getWechatName()+'%'));
                  }
                  if(!StringUtils.isBlank(salesLeadsSearchVM.getEmail())) {
                      predicate.getExpressions().add(criteriaBuilder.like(root.get("email"), '%'+salesLeadsSearchVM.getEmail()+'%'));
                  }
                  if(!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(salesLeadsSearchVM.getSalesLeadsPurchasedCourses())) {
                      Join<SalesLeadsSearch, Course> joinCourses = root.join("purchasedCourses", JoinType.LEFT);
                  // how to add criteriabuilder at here ?
                  //
                  }
                  return predicate;
              }
          };
          return specification;
      }
  

  Here is my entity SalesLeadsSearch:

      @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
      @JoinTable(
          name = "sales_leads_purchased_course",
          joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id", referencedColumnName = "id"),
          inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "course_id", referencedColumnName = "id")
      )
      private Set<Course> purchasedCourses;
  
      @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
      @JoinTable(
          name = "sales_leads_customer_opportunities",
          joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id", referencedColumnName = "id"),
          inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "opportunity_id", referencedColumnName = "id")
      )
      private Set<SalesLeadsOpportunity> opportunities;
  
      @OneToMany(fetch = FetchType.EAGER)
      @JoinTable(
          name = "sales_leads_customer_lost_reason",
          joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "user_id", referencedColumnName = "id"),
          inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name = "lost_reason_id", referencedColumnName = "id")
      )
      private Set<SalesLeadsLostReason> lostReasons;
  

  Due to Courses, Opportunites, lost Reasons entity are too complex to use joinColumn here, instead, i use joinTable here.

  I want to know the syntax how to add the query clause which has left join, group by, having count and In cluase to the Specification getSalesLeads. Thank you so much.